Loom



. June 24, 1930.

W. S. WELLS Filed 001;. 3, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 mvmrok.

William sNlens,

M82 ATTORNEY WITNESS W. S. WELLS June 24, 1930.

L0 OM .iled Oct. 5, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 WITNESS AZ 1 ATTORNEY Patented June 24, 1930 FFICE I WILLIAM S. WELLS, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, T0 WONDER WEAVE, INQ, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, .A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS 1 LOOM Application filed October 3, 1928. Serial No. 310,162.

This invention relates do looms of the class in which the filling is carried through the warp sheds by a device which enters the sheds from one side thereof and returns, leaving a loop in the shed to form a pick or shot thereof, and especially looms of this class in which provision is made for passing a binder thread through each loop as it is formed.

I have devised a loom of this type (parts and combinations of parts of which I have set forth in other co-pending applications hereinafter identified) which is very simple in construction, requires but indifferent skill to operate and keep it in proper working order and may be driven at very high speed and yet produce an excellent fabric. These qualities are largely due to certain novel combinations having to do with the actual installation, as intended, of those threads which with the warp go to compose the fabric, such being the subject of the present application.

In the drawings, v

F ig. 1 is a side elevation of suflicient of a loom embodying the invention to illustrate the same;

F ig. 2 is a plan of the principal parts of the invention Fig. 3 shows in front elevation, partly in section, the means for operating the binderthread shuttle or carrier; and

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of such shuttle or carrier.

The warp A and fabric B is assumed to be supported and held in the condition of a stretched sheet by any suitable means, of which the rollers 1 and 2 may form parts. 3 denotes means for forming sheds in the warp. 4 is the loom frame.

011 a part of the frame is oscillatory, with its axis of oscillation vertical and beyond, the sheet (Fig. 2), what I'term a looper, or more broadly a filling feeder, which here comprises the axial portion 5 below the plane of the sheet A-B, the radial portion 6 and the curved portion 7 whose extremity hasa guide 7, as an eye, for the filling C and lies for the most part approximately in the plane of the sheet. Its range of oscillation is such that when it is retracted guide 7 is at the near side of, and the looper tip points toward,- the sheet and when it is forward the looper extends through the shed then already formed by the means 3. As in my application Ser. No. 310,160, the looper extremity is preferably curved and in its convex side it has a groove 7 b in which, subject to the cooperation of the guide 8 (Fig. 2), when the looper is more or less out of its fully retracted position the portion of the filling between guides 7 and 8 reposes, thus to maintain the loop in a definite and steady condition. I

The device for beating up theloops, of filling as they are formed and deposited in the sheds is a structure 9 supported in proximity to the fell-line B of the fabric. In the example it is dentate in form and supported by being fulcrumed at 9*, with its fulcrum axis close to the sheet and parallel with the fellline. It should when fulcrumed be formed so that when retracted the loopermay pass without interference therewith and so that its dents will remain inter-meshing with the warp threads to avoid their wearing and perhaps breaking them in entering into the intermeshing relation each time the beating-up movement occurs. Hence the dents are formed so that when said device is in re- 'tracted position they extend generally lengthwise of said sheet except for their-end portions, which are bent off in the beating-up direction and in that position intermesh with the warp threads.

The looper, or feeder, and beating-up device are made to reciprocate so that the forward and back movements of the former shall be substantially coincident, respective-- ly, with the back and forward movements of the latter thus: A shaft 11 is assumed to be constantly rocked through a definite range of movement by any suitable means (not shown). An arm 12 of this shaft is connected by a link 13 with a lever 14 having a toothed segment 14 in mesh with a pinion 5 on the looper axial portion 5. A lifter arm 15 of shaft 11 is adapted to engage and lift a lever 16 connected with an arm 9 of the beating-up device or reed by a. link 17. The

rocking of shaft 11 obviously causes reciprocation of the looper or feeder and the beating-up device in the manner stated; but the operative connection is further such that there is some lost-motion of the looper or feeder with respect to the beating-up device when the former is more or less near its forward limit of motion, at which time the lifter arm is out of lifting engagement with lever 16, which then rests idly against its butt or hub, thus to give the looper opportunity to form an adequate loop for the reception of the binder-thread carrier without, also, undue lengthening of the dents of the beatingup device in order, as stated, to keep them in "intermeshing relation to the warp threads even when said device is retracted. There may be a spring 13 assisting gravity to urge the lever 16 normally to the position of dwell indicated and hence the beating-up device to its back position.

By giving thebeating-up device support in the frame in proximity to the fell-line B of the fabric it can be made small in size and therefore of relatively little mass, and by further providing in mechanism comprising said device so supported and the feeder for their reciprocation together so that the forward and back movement of the feeder shall respectively, approximately begin and end when the back and beating-up movements of said device begin and end the'operations of entering the filling and beating up the same to the fell may be effected very rapidly and always inproper time with each other.

The filling, coming from some extraneous supply, is formed into more or less extended loops established in the sheds as they are formed and each then taken up so that ultimately each is coextensive in length with the width of the fabric by means the looper 7, in engagement with guide 7* of which it ext-ends; an example of this means in its preferred form will be found disclosed. in my application Serial No. 310,160. Each loop is bound in by a binder thread D which becomes a supplemental, as a selvage, warp thread. Binder thread D is supplied 'by a shuttle or carrier in reference to which one novel and important feature of the invention is that the carrier is shot through the loop as distinguished from being carried or passed through (by passed I mean carried through a part of its flight by one and through the remainder by another incidental transfer), making simpler mechanismfand also greater rapidity of motion possible; and another novel and important feature is that since the carrier contains (by which I do not necessarily mean encloses) a binder-thread takeup tension and let-off means it maintains said thread taut and under control-more particularly, it causes this thread to pull outward on the binder-thread side of the fabricand-warp sheet so as thereby to oppose the which includes P instrumentality, with the former operatioiig? P tendency of the loop in being retrieved to its finally developed form when the looper recedes (dotted lines Fig. 2) to draw in and so deform said side or edge of the fabric.

The carrier for the binder thread is shown in Fig. 4, where 19 is a cylindrical case havin a removable cover-'20 and a fixed axial spindle 21 22 a spring barrel forming a brake disk pressed toward the closed end of the case by a spiral spring 23 backed by a nut 24: on the spindle, a leather or other friction disk 25 being interposed between the brake disk and said end of the case; 26 a bobbin for a wound supply D of the binder thread, the same being journaled on said nut and receiving the hub of the brake disk; 27 a spiral spring coiled about the barrel and having its ends respectively connected to the barrel and bobbin; and 28 (Fig. 3) the opening in the side of the case through which the thread is discharged. The present invention is-not limited to this particular form of carrier, which will be found set forth in somewhat more detail and claimed in my copending application Serial with the fact that it contains a thread supply and also let-off tension and take-up means whereby the binder thread is kept taut, as in that moment when the-loop is being taken up to its finally developed form as stated.

At the far side of the sheet from guide 7 a of the looper when retracted there is supported on the frame an upright tubular housing 29 which receives and forms a guide for the carrier. It is spaced from said side of the sheet and so located that when the looper is at the limit of its loop-forming movement the path of movement of the carrier therein will penetrate the loop formed, fo r which purose this guide has its end portionsin effect spaced, here by a slot 29 in the guide, to permit the looper to pass bet-ween them. The upper end of the guide affords-an abutment 29 to which a compression spring 30 is affixed and thereon is pivoted a pawl 31 normally held by a spring 31 catch a lug 19 on the carrier and hold the latter in the upper end of the guide with spring 30 compressed, i. e., the carrier in cocked position. The pawl'has an arm 31 by which it may be moved, against the tension of its spring, to trip the carrier, to wit, by downward pull on a link 33 connected with said arm and having an abutment 33*. A lunger 34 is slidable vertically in the lower end of the guide; it is linked to an arm 35 of shaft 11, which arm in its downward movement engages abutment 33 and exerts the said downward pull on link 33. Rocking of shaft 11 therefore alternately causes the plunger to rise to elevate the carrier to cocked position and release or trip the carrier, this latter occurring when the plunger is substantially completely depressed so that the carrier will be No. 310,161, but is concerned in position to 1 descend to cause the pawl to' it provides for shooting (as hereinbefore defined) the carrier through each loop as it is formed, as when (as in the example) the carrier is moveable back and forth and is shot through in at least one direction of its back.

and forth movement; and that, in another aspect, given a carrier movable back and forth and normally urged in one direction and releasable means, as pawl 31, to oppose its movement as so urged, means, as the plunger and link, alternately causes the releasable means to release the carrier and returns it thereto, and that when the force which normally urges the carrier in one direction is afforded by an element, as spring 30, of the mechanism this latter means causes theccarrier to overcome such force in returning it.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is:

,1. A mechanism for incorporating filling as a part of the fabric of a fabric-and-warp sheet including, in combination, a frame having means to support such sheet in stretched condition, a beating-up device having support in the frame in proximity to the fabric fell and movable forward toward the fell to beat up the filling and then back from the fell, a filling feeder movable in a fixed part of the frame. from one side of the sheet forward through sheds formed in the warp and back, and means operatively connecting said device and feeder for reciprocation to-- gether so that the forward, and back movements of the feeder shall, respectively, approximately begin and end when the back and beating-up movements of said device begin and end.

2. A mechanism for incorporating filling as a part of the fabric of a fabric-and-warp sheet including, in combination, a frame having means to support such sheet in stretched condition, a beating-up device having support in the'frame in proximity to the fabric fell and movable forward toward the fell to beat up the filling and then back from the fell, a filling feeder movable from one side of the sheet forward through sheds formed in the warp and back, and means operatively connecting said device; and feeder for reciprocation together so that the forward and back movements of the feeder shall, respectively, approximately begin. and end when the back and beating-up movement of said device begin and end, said connecting means permitting lost motion of the feeder relatively to said device when the feeder is nearits forward limit of motion.

3. A mechanism for incorporating filling as a part of the fabric of a fabric-and-warp sheet including, in combination, a frame having means to support such sheet in stretched condition, a dentate beating-up device fulcrumed on an axis in proximity to the sheet and substantially parallel with the fabricfell-line and movable forward to the fell from a position where its dents extend generally lengthwise of the sheet and back to said position, said dents being bent off in the direction of beating-up movement of said device and intermeshing with the warp 1 threads when said device is in said position, a filling feeder movable forwardly across the sheet through the path of movement of said device and back, and means operatively connecting said device and feeder for reciprocation together so that the forward and back movements of the feeder shall be substantially coincident, respectively, with thesupporting structure, a binder-thread carrier. movable therein, means to establish a loop of filling in each shed as it is formed, and means to shoot the carrier through each loop as it is so established.

5. In a'mechanism for forming bound-in filling loops in sheds formed in the warp of a fabric-and-warp sheet, the combination of supporting structure, a binder-thread carrier movable therein back and forth, means to establish a loop of filling in each shed as it is formed, andmeans to shoot the carrier in one direction of its back and forth movement through each loop as it is so established and thereupon return the carrier.

6. In a mechanism for forming bound-in filling loops in sheds formed in the warp "of a fabric-and-Warp sheet, the combination of supporting structure, a binder-thread carrier movable therein in an upright path, means to establish a loop of filling in embracing relation to said path and in each shed as it is' formed, and means to shoot the carrier through each loop as it is so established. .7. In a mechanism for forming bound-in filling loops in sheds formed in the warp of a fabric-and-warp sheet, the combination of supporting structure, abinder-thread carrier movable therein back and forth in an upright path, means to establish a loop of filling in embracing relation to said path and in each shed as it is formed, and means to shoot the carrier in one direction of its back and forth movement through each loop as it is so.establi s hed and thereupon return the carrier. 8. In a mechanism for forming bound-in filling loops in sheds formed in the warp of a fabric-and-warp sheet, the combination of supporting structure, a binder-thread carrier movable therein back and forth and normally urged in one direction, releasable means to oppose movement of the carrier as so urged, means alternately to cause the latter means to release the carrier and return the carrier thereto, and means to establish a loop of filling in each shed as it is formed and in posi- I tion to be penetrated by the carrier on each release thereof.

9. In a mechanism for forming bound-in filling loops in sheds formed in the Warp of a the combination of alternately to cause the second means -to release the. carrier and the carrier to overcome the first means and return to the second means, and means to establish a loop of filling in each shed as it is formed and in position to be penetrated by the carrier on each such release thereof.

10. A mechanism for incorporating filling as a part of the fabric of a fabric-and-warp sheet including, in combination, a frame having means to support such sheet in stretched condition, a dentate filling beating-up device fulcrumed on an axis substantially parallel with and near the fabric fell-line and movable toward such line and back, a filling feeder movable in a fixed part of the frame across the sheet through the path of movement of I said device and back, and means operatively connecting said device and feeder for movement together so that the forward and back movements of the feeder shall, respectively, approximately begin and end when the back and beating-up movements of said device hecondition, a dentate fillin gin and end.

11. In combination, with supporting structure, mechanism therein for forming boundin filling loo sin sheds formed in the warp of a fabric-an -warp sheet including means to establish a filling loop in each shed as it is formed and subsequently retrieve such 100p, and'means to incorporate a binder thread in extending-through relation to each loop on such establishment thereof and maintain the thread taut while the loop is being retrieved.

12. A mechanism for incorporating filling as a part of the fabric of a fabric-and-warp sheet including, in combination, a frame having means to "support such sheet in stretched beating-up device fulcrumed on an axis su stantially parallel with and near the, fabric fell-line and movable toward such line and back, a filling feeder movable across the sheet through the path of movement of said device and back, and meansoperatively connecting said device and feeder or movement. together so that the forward and back movements of the feeder shall, respectively, approximately begin and end with the back and beating-up movements of said device begin and end, said connecting means permitting lost motion of the feeder relatively to said device when the feeder is near its forward limit of motion.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

WILLIAM S. WELLS. 

